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Differences in Appropriations Proposed by the President and Passed by Congress
Truman - Clinton

	Average	Annual	Difference
President	Defense	Non-Defense
Truman	17.5	-3.1	14.5
Eisenhower	-4.6	-0.3	-5.3
Eisenhower	-1.0	0.1	-1.0
Kennedy/Johnson	-2.4	-7.4	-9.3
Johnson	1.0	-10.4	-10.9
Nixon	-16.0	2.5	-12.8
Nixon/Ford	-9.2	25.4	15.8
Carter	9.8	-32.3	-21.6
Reagan	8.9	5.6	16.4
Reagan	2.7	19.1	21.9
Bush	-2.4	4.9	2.5
Clinton	2.5	-24.3	-21.8

Source: Lyn Ragsdale, Presidential Politics (Boston:Houghton Mifflin, 1993), 329 and Lyn Ragsdale, Vital Statistics on the Presidency (Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Press, 1998), 359.

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